Research Article |
Corresponding author: Yana Konechnaya ( yanakon@mail.ru ) Academic editor: Aleksandr I. Malov
© 2019 Yana Konechnaya, Alexey Morozov, Natalya Vaganova, Irina Zueva.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Konechnaya YaV, Morozov AN, Vaganova NV, Zueva IA (2019) Updated data on the current seismicity of the White Sea and the Karelian region during the period 2005–2016. Arctic Environmental Research 19(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/issn2541-8416.2019.19.1.11
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This article is the result of previous studies to clarify the seismicity of the White sea, supplemented by similar studies on the continental part of the Republic of Karelia. The relocated catalog of earthquakes was created for the period from 2005 to 2016 for White Sea and the Karelian region. With the help of proven methods, the parameters of the epicenters of identified earthquakes were relocated and a map of current seismicity was obtained. The parameters of the epicenters were specified using BARENTS travel-time model, a single methodological approach (using Generalized beamforming) and all currently available source data and bulletins of Russian and foreign seismic stations. The obtained seismic catalog allowed us to identify the main patterns of the distribution of current seismicity in the White Sea region. Seismicity of the White sea and the Karelian region is characterized as low-magnitude (generally of low magnitude with ML<2.0). Most earthquakes in the White Sea are characterized by a focal depths up to 20 km. Analysis of catalog shows that the majority of earthquakes are concentrated in the north-western part of the defined area, in the continental part of Karelia and Kandalaksha graben. Some earthquakes were recorded in the eastern and central part of the White sea.
Current seismicity, earthquake, seismic network, epicenter, map, White Sea
The White Sea area, which includes the White Sea water area and surrounding areas of the Republic of Karelia, is one of the most fragmented, movable and active regions throughout the entire Eastern European platform. Distinct tracks of paleoearthquakes were encountered in all major parts of the White Sea region in the Kandalaksha, Dvina, and Onega bays, as well as in the Gorlo Belogo Morya area (
The data for the historical and instrumental period of observation indicate an increased seismic activity in the western part of the region, especially in the Kandalaksha graben area, the main active structure of the White Sea (
However, no common data processing of available seismic data has been carried out yet. Thus, the most important problem was the joint processing of all available seismological data using a unified velocity model and calculation algorithm. It allows to determine the parameters of earthquake hypocenters based on seismic stations located in wide azimuth and epicentre ranges, and to obtain high precision of earthquake hypocenter location. In addition, some studies have already been successfully carried out on parts of the White Sea (
The receipt of the specified catalog was completed in several phases.
Based on data from the Institute of Seismology of the University of Helsinki (Finland) (Institute of Seismology), the preliminary catalog of the earthquake in the area of the White Sea during the period from 2005 to 2016 was compiled. The advantage of the catalog (Institute of Seismology) is not only the presence of low-magnitude events, but also a note about the expected nature of the event (earthquake or explosion) that in the first stage enabled the exclusion of career blasts from bulletin creation. Event selection was performed within the range of the considered area (Fig.
For each earthquake from the preliminary catalog, a summary bulletin was compiled with the times of seismic phases
Bulletins were compiled based on data from following seismic stations of several networks:
- the Federal Center of Multidisciplinary Studies of the Arctic of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) (the network code is AH);
- the Geological Institute of the Karelian Research Center (RAS);
- the Kola Branch of the RAS Unified Geophysical Survey Federal Research Center or UGS FRS (the network code is KOGSR);
- the Central Department of the RAS Unified Geophysical Survey Federal Research Center (the network code is OBGSR);
- the Institute of Seismology at the University of Helsinki, Finland (the network code is HE);
- the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory at the University of Oulu, Finland (the network code is FN);
- the NORSAR Agency, Norway (the network code is NO)
- the Norwegian National Seismic Network, University of Bergen, Norway (the network code is NS).
Should be noted that data from domestic stations (seismic networks AH, KOGSR, OBGSR and RAS) have been supplemented for 34 events from the preliminary catalog. The location of the seismic stations data of which appear in the bulletins and will be taken in further processing is shown in Fig.
Since open pit mining operations are actively conducted in considered region, further studies have been carried out to determine the nature of the events from the preliminary catalog. All events were verified by the recognition criteria (
The redefinition of hypocenter parameters based on summary bulletin was carried out by using the Generalized beamforming method (
Previous studies have shown (
The main results of the study consist in creation of an updated catalog and mapping of a modern seismicity according to the Table
Map analysis fig. 2 shows that the majority of earthquakes are concentrated in the north-western part of the defined area, in the continental part of Karelia region. The modern seismicity of the White Sea is reflected in the form of a small magnitude. The distribution of the epicenters of recorded earthquakes fully corresponds to the regularities previously revealed in the studies (
A map showing revised earthquake epicenters for the White Sea region. The legend on the right shows earthquake classes arranged over depth of focus (H) and magnitude (circle size)
The catalog of revised hypocenter parameters for the earthquakes recorded in the White Sea and the Karelian region for the period 2005–2016
No. | Date | Origin time | Hypocenter parameters | Error ellipse | Calculation parameters | Magnitude | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Month | Day | Hour | Minute | Second | φ,° | λ,° | h, km | AzMajor, ° | Rminor, km | Rmajkm | Nstations/Nphases | Range of distance, km | Azimutal angle,° | ML (HE) | ML (KOGSR) | ML (AH) | |
1 | 2005 | 2 | 16 | 6 | 48 | 31.2 | 67.41 | 32.05 | 16, 6–32 | 150 | 4 | 5.1 | 10/17 | 48–814 | 97 | 1.7 | ||
2 | 2005 | 3 | 18 | 1 | 49 | 43.7 | 67.14 | 31.91 | 3, 0–17 | 140 | 5 | 8.4 | 6/10 | 70–789 | 121 | 1.1 | ||
3 | 2005 | 5 | 17 | 2 | 44 | 11.6 | 66.98 | 31.27 | 20, 0–99 | 140 | 2.9 | 7 | 4/7 | 100-209 | 175 | 1.3 | ||
4 | 2005 | 8 | 22 | 2 | 42 | 41.2 | 66.39 | 30.8 | 10, 4–16 | 90 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 6/11 | 52-293 | 267 | 0.8 | ||
5 | 2005 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 22 | 59.1 | 67.24 | 32.54 | 10, 0–24 | 120 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 10/16 | 47–583 | 143 | 1.6 | ||
6 | 2005 | 10 | 19 | 3 | 15 | 44.6 | 66.88 | 31 | 8, 0–22 | 90 | 4.6 | 10.7 | 5/8 | 80-195 | 275 | 1.2 | ||
7 | 2005 | 10 | 22 | 17 | 46 | 44.8 | 64.49 | 40.95 | 0, 0–13 | 70 | 10.4 | 14.5 | 11/22 | 24–1020 | 235 | 2.8 | 2.9 | |
8 | 2005 | 10 | 23 | 0 | 34 | 6.3 | 66.64 | 33.29 | 16, 0–51 | 100 | 5.6 | 11.8 | 12/21 | 107–639 | 200 | 1.6 | ||
9 | 2005 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 57.7 | 66.89 | 31.36 | 15, 8–22 | 110 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 10/20 | 97-382 | 140 | 1.6 | ||
10 | 2005 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 46 | 3.8 | 66.87 | 31.02 | 14, 5–22 | 120 | 2.9 | 5.4 | 10/15 | 84-441 | 133 | 1.2 | ||
11 | 2006 | 1 | 13 | 21 | 35 | 1.3 | 66.64 | 31.09 | 0, 0–2 | 130 | 1.9 | 5.5 | 7/11 | 72-291 | 174 | 0.9 | ||
12 | 2006 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 29 | 10.8 | 66.59 | 29.3 | 5, 0–99 | 60 | 3.8 | 9.8 | 4/8 | 27-287 | 205 | 1.1 | ||
13 | 2006 | 2 | 18 | 8 | 10 | 2.8 | 66.84 | 32.44 | 0, 0–13 | 120 | 4 | 10.1 | 10/18 | 88–632 | 189 | 1.7 | ||
14 | 2006 | 3 | 30 | 10 | 46 | 2.1 | 70.68 | 52.88 | 35, 0–99 | 110 | 19 | 40 | 13/19 | 836-1555 | 272 | 2.6 | ||
15 | 2006 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 47 | 2.6 | 66.28 | 31.01 | 3, 0–10 | 130 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 11/19 | 64-423 | 148 | 1.1 | ||
16 | 2006 | 4 | 13 | 13 | 25 | 14.2 | 66.72 | 29.33 | 11, 0–21 | 100 | 3 | 5.1 | 8/12 | 37-354 | 113 | 1 | ||
17 | 2006 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 24 | 41.9 | 67.31 | 32.27 | 10, 0–27 | 120 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 15/27 | 45–715 | 149 | 2.1 | ||
18 | 2006 | 7 | 23 | 1 | 32 | 8.8 | 66 | 39.58 | 29, 2–99 | 60 | 7.3 | 10.9 | 19/33 | 218–1036 | 192 | 2.3 | ||
19 | 2006 | 10 | 25 | 12 | 24 | 42.7 | 66.94 | 31.07 | 10, 0–33 | 130 | 2.6 | 12.9 | 5/7 | 91-144 | 175 | 0.7 | ||
20 | 2006 | 12 | 31 | 5 | 35 | 56 | 65.66 | 32.02 | 0, 0–3 | 60 | 4.2 | 11.2 | 7/10 | 104–313 | 235 | 0.5 | ||
21 | 2007 | 3 | 13 | 14 | 31 | 28.6 | 66.29 | 31.16 | 2, 18–30 | 130 | 2.9 | 5.5 | 18/30 | 63-549 | 146 | 1.9 | ||
22 | 2007 | 3 | 29 | 22 | 53 | 21.9 | 66.15 | 30.54 | 0, 0–5 | 90 | 2.8 | 5.8 | 9/14 | 28-240 | 264 | 0.8 | ||
23 | 2007 | 4 | 8 | 14 | 35 | 13.7 | 66.15 | 33.09 | 5, 0–15 | 120 | 3.6 | 7.1 | 13/23 | 142–625 | 189 | 2.4 | ||
24 | 2007 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 31 | 57.1 | 66.58 | 31.28 | 10, 2–18 | 130 | 2.1 | 5.1 | 8/16 | 78-226 | 183 | 1.3 | ||
25 | 2007 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 59 | 38.4 | 66.02 | 30.36 | 18, 15–22 | 90 | 2.6 | 5 | 7/12 | 16-227 | 258 | 0.4 | ||
26 | 2007 | 8 | 19 | 22 | 56 | 3.3 | 69.64 | 33.1 | 33, 3–98 | 40 | 6.3 | 12.7 | 29/56 | 226-1377 | 242 | 3 | ||
27 | 2007 | 9 | 11 | 8 | 4 | 48.7 | 69.73 | 29.99 | 0, 0–99 | 40 | 6.6 | 20.9 | 4/6 | 108-406 | 268 | 1.3 | ||
28 | 2007 | 10 | 30 | 0 | 19 | 16 | 66.63 | 30.91 | 20, 0–99 | 100 | 2.7 | 9.2 | 4/6 | 60-135 | 238 | 0.5 | ||
29 | 2007 | 11 | 23 | 4 | 22 | 30.3 | 66.3 | 32.75 | 0, 0–10 | 120 | 3.4 | 7.7 | 11/20 | 130–596 | 219 | 1.4 | ||
30 | 2008 | 1 | 27 | 1 | 54 | 25.5 | 68.19 | 29.74 | 8, 0–14 | 40 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 9/16 | 48-254 | 143 | 1.6 | ||
31 | 2008 | 1 | 27 | 3 | 24 | 23.8 | 68.18 | 29.76 | 12, 0–27 | 30 | 3 | 3.9 | 5/9 | 49-228 | 143 | 1.2 | ||
32 | 2008 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 5 | 8.4 | 66.86 | 31.77 | 6, 0–14 | 110 | 2.9 | 5.5 | 16/28 | 98–531 | 151 | 1.6 | ||
33 | 2008 | 6 | 22 | 18 | 1 | 41.2 | 68.19 | 30.79 | 16, 8–23 | 60 | 3.6 | 5 | 12/21 | 70-298 | 164 | 1.3 | ||
34 | 2008 | 7 | 12 | 17 | 17 | 14.8 | 68.39 | 35.78 | 25, 12–52 | 60 | 7.4 | 10.8 | 14/22 | 135-856 | 227 | 2.7 | ||
35 | 2008 | 9 | 12 | 20 | 14 | 25.6 | 68.72 | 33.29 | 15, 0–65 | 70 | 6.8 | 18 | 7/9 | 185-331 | 248 | 1.2 | ||
36 | 2008 | 10 | 19 | 23 | 29 | 10 | 66.87 | 29.16 | 6, 0–23 | 70 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 9/18 | 58-146 | 149 | 0.5 | ||
37 | 2008 | 10 | 25 | 3 | 9 | 45.3 | 66.54 | 32.42 | 0, 0–7 | 120 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 11/20 | 122–422 | 220 | 1.3 | 1.6 | |
38 | 2009 | 5 | 25 | 20 | 58 | 4.3 | 67 | 31.77 | 7, 0–21 | 80 | 4.6 | 10 | 8/12 | 171-455 | 213 | 1.1 | ||
39 | 2009 | 8 | 31 | 15 | 17 | 50.8 | 66.31 | 31.05 | 28, 22–33 | 110 | 3.3 | 6.1 | 16/30 | 62-548 | 183 | 1.5 | ||
40 | 2009 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 23 | 48.3 | 66.78 | 31.13 | 18, 11–24 | 100 | 3 | 4.1 | 21/38 | 81-777 | 82 | 2.1 | ||
41 | 2009 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 42 | 16.9 | 66.79 | 31.08 | 14, 8–22 | 110 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 11/18 | 79-383 | 168 | 1.4 | ||
42 | 2009 | 11 | 16 | 4 | 27 | 26.6 | 66.04 | 30.03 | 7, 3–10 | 110 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 20/37 | 5.5-495 | 167 | 1.6 | ||
43 | 2009 | 11 | 28 | 14 | 32 | 23.6 | 66.26 | 33 | 1, 0–13 | 100 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 10/16 | 138-315 | 167 | 1.6 | ||
44 | 2009 | 12 | 3 | 19 | 55 | 45 | 66.35 | 31.28 | 13, 7–21 | 100 | 3.5 | 6.1 | 9/16 | 70-236 | 247 | 0.8 | ||
45 | 2009 | 12 | 11 | 23 | 53 | 52 | 67.08 | 31.8 | 11, 3–18 | 120 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 11/20 | 78-376 | 171 | 1.2 | ||
46 | 2010 | 2 | 25 | 1 | 42 | 13.8 | 66.43 | 30.53 | 0, 0–7 | 90 | 2.2 | 4.7 | 10/17 | 40-254 | 220 | 0.7 | ||
47 | 2010 | 3 | 27 | 23 | 6 | 55.8 | 66.24 | 32.02 | 18, 1–24 | 170 | 7.4 | 12.9 | 6/10 | 93–180 | 333 | 0.7 | ||
48 | 2010 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 49 | 3.4 | 66.9 | 31.08 | 6, 0–12 | 110 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 12/23 | 87-358 | 159 | 1.3 | ||
49 | 2010 | 5 | 20 | 1 | 33 | 48.3 | 66.31 | 32.12 | 25, 16–34 | 30 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 6/11 | 98–268 | 316 | 0.7 | ||
50 | 2010 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 17 | 33.2 | 66.2 | 30.74 | 2, 0–7 | 130 | 2.8 | 5.2 | 17/29 | 42-529 | 176 | 1.4 | ||
51 | 2011 | 1 | 20 | 14 | 37 | 0 | 65.35 | 30.54 | 10, 2–16 | 60 | 2.3 | 4 | 10/17 | 52-273 | 123 | 0.9 | ||
52 | 2011 | 6 | 16 | 15 | 44 | 6.5 | 66.59 | 31.58 | 0, 0–5 | 100 | 4.5 | 9.4 | 9/15 | 89–523 | 214 | 1.6 | ||
53 | 2011 | 8 | 13 | 11 | 54 | 52.2 | 66.18 | 34.23 | 0, 0–48 | 120 | 6.4 | 12.1 | 6/11 | 173–272 | 272 | 1.2 | ||
54 | 2011 | 10 | 11 | 20 | 4 | 59.4 | 66.45 | 30.68 | 20, 15–25 | 110 | 3 | 4.9 | 14/22 | 47-404 | 138 | 1.2 | ||
55 | 2011 | 11 | 15 | 17 | 48 | 10.2 | 67.43 | 31.73 | 0, 0–4 | 140 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 11/20 | 58–345 | 131 | 1.5 | 1.9 | |
56 | 2012 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 37.9 | 68.14 | 29.3 | 0, 0–99 | 70 | 3.4 | 6 | 4/8 | 44-220 | 206 | 1.1 | ||
57 | 2012 | 1 | 8 | 20 | 54 | 25 | 66.81 | 31.46 | 0, 0–6 | 110 | 3.1 | 5.5 | 19/30 | 99-606 | 145 | 0.7 | ||
58 | 2012 | 2 | 15 | 6 | 48 | 8.7 | 66.46 | 32.09 | 4, 0–22 | 110 | 5.2 | 16.4 | 7/10 | 100–428 | 272 | 1.2 | ||
59 | 2012 | 3 | 27 | 7 | 13 | 12.5 | 66.11 | 30.36 | 8, 3–13 | 90 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 10/19 | 22-271 | 136 | 0.9 | ||
60 | 2012 | 4 | 22 | 20 | 9 | 32.4 | 67.01 | 31.32 | 6, 0–13 | 110 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 12/23 | 97-242 | 107 | 1.3 | ||
61 | 2012 | 4 | 30 | 8 | 48 | 27.4 | 65.78 | 30.8 | 0, 0–12 | 100 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 6/10 | 45-128 | 288 | 0.8 | ||
62 | 2012 | 8 | 27 | 7 | 29 | 45.3 | 66.16 | 30.77 | 12, 7–18 | 100 | 2.9 | 6 | 7/12 | 36-285 | 236 | 1 | ||
63 | 2012 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 43 | 12.9 | 66.21 | 47.84 | 26, 99 | 50 | 8.6 | 19 | 13/25 | 526-1656 | 170 | 1.6 | ||
64 | 2012 | 10 | 11 | 15 | 0 | 48 | 65.82 | 30.35 | 25, 19–30 | 100 | 1.9 | 3.9 | 5/9 | 27-92 | 262 | 0.5 | ||
65 | 2012 | 12 | 4 | 7 | 13 | 9 | 65.89 | 30.15 | 5, 1–8 | 100 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 11/19 | 19-263 | 217 | 1.1 | ||
66 | 2013 | 3 | 28 | 7 | 2 | 16.5 | 63.97 | 41.5 | 21, 8–36 | 150 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 31/59 | 82–2596 | 83 | 2.9 | 3.4 | |
67 | 2013 | 4 | 3 | 14 | 49 | 35 | 66.99 | 30.19 | 0, 0–6 | 100 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 16/28 | 74-383 | 128 | 1.5 | ||
68 | 2013 | 4 | 26 | 19 | 51 | 8.2 | 68.04 | 29.37 | 6, 0–13 | 70 | 3.3 | 6.3 | 7/12 | 32-230 | 188 | 0.7 | ||
69 | 2013 | 5 | 1 | 22 | 52 | 21.7 | 66.49 | 30.79 | 22, 15–29 | 120 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 10/18 | 54-395 | 172 | 1.3 | ||
70 | 2013 | 11 | 26 | 20 | 39 | 7.1 | 66.44 | 30.85 | 15, 11–22 | 80 | 4 | 6.9 | 7/12 | 57-217 | 269 | 0.5 | ||
71 | 2013 | 11 | 30 | 22 | 16 | 20.1 | 65.48 | 31.73 | 15, 0–59 | 20 | 6.2 | 9.1 | 6/8 | 105–656 | 142 | 0.8 | ||
72 | 2014 | 2 | 25 | 18 | 53 | 6.1 | 66.43 | 32.46 | 1, 0–10 | 120 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 12/21 | 122-431 | 118 | 1.7 | ||
73 | 2014 | 3 | 20 | 13 | 56 | 40.7 | 64.87 | 35.52 | 41, 29–57 | 50 | 6.3 | 8.2 | 13/23 | 25–543 | 128 | 1.2 | ||
74 | 2014 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 45 | 38.6 | 65.98 | 31.39 | 0, 0–2 | 110 | 3.4 | 5.7 | 7/13 | 63-246 | 263 | 0.6 | ||
75 | 2014 | 8 | 20 | 2 | 27 | 38 | 66.3 | 31.83 | 4, 0–12 | 120 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 10/17 | 92–337 | 115 | 1.3 | ||
76 | 2014 | 8 | 29 | 23 | 37 | 39.2 | 66.6 | 31.56 | 1, 0–8 | 100 | 3.4 | 8.5 | 7/13 | 88-241 | 263 | 0.9 | ||
77 | 2014 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 27 | 28.3 | 66.44 | 31.7 | 3, 0–10 | 90 | 3 | 4.1 | 9/15 | 92–320 | 121 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |
78 | 2014 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 15 | 11.7 | 67.96 | 30.17 | 3, 0–11 | 10 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 6/11 | 33-256 | 138 | 1 | ||
79 | 2014 | 9 | 12 | 22 | 9 | 43.3 | 66.32 | 31.51 | 26, 15–32 | 110 | 4 | 8.5 | 5/9 | 71-155 | 273 | 0.6 | ||
80 | 2014 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 19 | 23.1 | 66.4 | 32.53 | 0, 0–7 | 120 | 3 | 4.3 | 14/23 | 123-508 | 119 | 1.4 | ||
81 | 2014 | 10 | 11 | 0 | 32 | 45.6 | 65.94 | 32.43 | 0, 0–4 | 100 | 5.6 | 10.1 | 6/8 | 114–309 | 243 | 0.9 | ||
82 | 2014 | 11 | 23 | 23 | 20 | 11.6 | 66.5 | 31.53 | 9, 0–21 | 100 | 3.4 | 6.8 | 6/11 | 86-170 | 251 | 1.1 | ||
83 | 2014 | 11 | 30 | 9 | 43 | 19.9 | 67.15 | 32.53 | 13, 2–25 | 140 | 3.6 | 6.4 | 8/12 | 57–393 | 178 | 0.7 | ||
84 | 2014 | 12 | 13 | 21 | 10 | 40.1 | 66.28 | 31.18 | 21, 15–27 | 110 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 11/17 | 62-307 | 164 | 1.2 | ||
85 | 2015 | 1 | 8 | 6 | 20 | 41.2 | 66.17 | 29.96 | 19, 16–25 | 90 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 5/8 | 15-95 | 227 | 0.1 | ||
86 | 2015 | 2 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 35.9 | 65.95 | 30.07 | 9, 0–15 | 100 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 6/10 | Dec-88 | 234 | 0.3 | ||
87 | 2015 | 2 | 28 | 19 | 33 | 49.1 | 66.31 | 31.85 | 0, 0–14 | 130 | 2.4 | 6.6 | 6/10 | 92–260 | 233 | 1.1 | 1.5 | |
88 | 2015 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 46 | 38.3 | 60.29 | 43.89 | 0, 0–99 | 150 | 10 | 22.8 | 17/29 | 177-1054 | 235 | 2.7 | ||
89 | 2015 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 16 | 56.6 | 68.31 | 29.17 | 0, 0–7 | 50 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 8/14 | 65-819 | 126 | 1 | ||
90 | 2015 | 4 | 4 | 20 | 23 | 38.9 | 66.17 | 30.74 | 5, 0–12 | 110 | 4.2 | 10.2 | 5/8 | 39-286 | 263 | 0.6 | ||
91 | 2015 | 4 | 22 | 2 | 8 | 54.7 | 66.95 | 31.1 | 0, 0–6 | 100 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 9/15 | 89-220 | 161 | 0.7 | ||
92 | 2015 | 5 | 10 | 14 | 3 | 11.7 | 66.74 | 31.13 | 21, 15–25 | 130 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 14/25 | 80-334 | 82 | 1.4 | ||
93 | 2015 | 5 | 31 | 0 | 40 | 34.5 | 66.68 | 33.21 | 0, 0–8 | 130 | 3.8 | 9.6 | 8/11 | 104–317 | 222 | 0.8 | ||
94 | 2015 | 6 | 23 | 6 | 15 | 59.3 | 66.88 | 31.03 | 13, 6–21 | 100 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 10/16 | 84-219 | 153 | 1 | ||
95 | 2015 | 6 | 26 | 3 | 45 | 48.9 | 66.57 | 32.03 | 23, 13–29 | 120 | 2.7 | 5.2 | 8/13 | 112–264 | 163 | 0.7 | 1.7 | |
96 | 2015 | 6 | 29 | 13 | 5 | 9.1 | 65.93 | 31.88 | 19, 14–23 | 110 | 2.5 | 3 | 18/31 | 89–512 | 112 | 1.9 | 2.3 | |
97 | 2015 | 7 | 6 | 17 | 31 | 34.8 | 66.39 | 31.83 | 15, 7–23 | 110 | 3.4 | 4 | 10/18 | 94–560 | 115 | 1.7 | 2 | |
98 | 2015 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 31 | 57.2 | 66.45 | 31.42 | 10, 5–15 | 100 | 3 | 5.8 | 9/17 | 80-237 | 249 | 0.8 | ||
99 | 2015 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 31 | 4.4 | 66.21 | 30.55 | 13, 8–20 | 90 | 2 | 3.8 | 7/12 | 32-178 | 226 | 0.7 | ||
100 | 2015 | 9 | 11 | 19 | 23 | 52.2 | 66.36 | 31.33 | 20, 16–26 | 110 | 2.4 | 3 | 27/50 | 74-868 | 59 | 2.4 | ||
101 | 2016 | 1 | 12 | 19 | 14 | 50.2 | 66.96 | 29.76 | 14, 0–32 | 80 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 5/8 | 66-147 | 181 | 0.4 | ||
102 | 2016 | 2 | 28 | 17 | 48 | 7 | 67 | 32.01 | 16, 8–23 | 110 | 2.7 | 3.9 | 24/43 | 79–771 | 57 | 1.8 | 2.1 | |
103 | 2016 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 27 | 67.52 | 32.09 | 0, 0–6 | 160 | 3.3 | 4.9 | 7/13 | 40–282 | 152 | 1 | 1.5 | |
104 | 2016 | 4 | 23 | 0 | 9 | 24.9 | 67.63 | 33.31 | 13, 3–19 | 170 | 3.9 | 8.4 | 10/15 | 16-493 | 106 | 1.4 | ||
105 | 2016 | 5 | 17 | 11 | 13 | 19.4 | 66.9 | 30.16 | 1, 0–6 | 90 | 2.6 | 4 | 17/32 | 98-380 | 121 | 1.5 | ||
106 | 2016 | 5 | 26 | 4 | 46 | 0.7 | 66.04 | 35.66 | 34, 2–99 | 90 | 5.8 | 12.5 | 10/18 | 197–436 | 242 | 1.1 | 2 | |
107 | 2016 | 6 | 13 | 6 | 16 | 9.2 | 69.58 | 33.78 | 24, 14–32 | 30 | 4 | 8.5 | 11/17 | 64-476 | 196 | 2.1 | ||
108 | 2016 | 6 | 19 | 22 | 33 | 25.4 | 67.05 | 30.05 | 5, 0–12 | 90 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 19/32 | 79-388 | 114 | 1.5 | ||
109 | 2016 | 7 | 9 | 17 | 38 | 20 | 67.22 | 32.3 | 10, 0–29 | 140 | 3.7 | 6.9 | 10/15 | 53–399 | 168 | 0.8 | 1.3 | |
110 | 2016 | 7 | 30 | 21 | 42 | 24.5 | 66.45 | 32.94 | 3, 0–13 | 120 | 3 | 5.5 | 17/29 | 113–573 | 167 | 1.5 | 1.9 | |
111 | 2016 | 8 | 3 | 15 | 49 | 55.4 | 66.35 | 30.68 | 14, 10–18 | 110 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 21/32 | 49-749 | 89 | 1.6 | ||
112 | 2016 | 8 | 7 | 19 | 42 | 11.2 | 66.35 | 31.49 | 20, 10–29 | 130 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 10/15 | 83-726 | 119 | 1.1 | ||
113 | 2016 | 9 | 15 | 8 | 13 | 2.6 | 66.88 | 30.94 | 23, 18–28 | 100 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 23/43 | 83-705 | 76 | 2 | ||
114 | 2016 | 11 | 15 | 19 | 20 | 23.7 | 65.64 | 30.16 | 7, 1–12 | 80 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 8/12 | 45-236 | 180 | 0.7 | ||
115 | 2016 | 11 | 19 | 20 | 47 | 20.3 | 66.75 | 32.47 | 4, 0–15 | 120 | 2.7 | 5.3 | 11/18 | 99–404 | 168 | 1.1 | 1.5 | |
116 | 2016 | 11 | 20 | 18 | 21 | 0.1 | 66.98 | 31.44 | 20, 12–24 | 110 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 13/23 | 96–375 | 135 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
According to fig.2 in the eastern part of the region two earthquakes were recorded in the White-Sea-Dvina area in 2005 and 2013 years where is also an earthquake in the Gorlo Strait area in 2006 year. All earthquakes have a magnitude value of ML (HE) above 2.0, which distinguishes them from other earthquakes. The earthquake of 2005, viewed alongside the earthquake information of 1847 and 1935, as well as the earthquake in 1970 and 1975 (
The epicenter of the earthquake in 2013 (fig. 2) is timed to the fault limiting Arkhangelsk scarp and the Onega-Kandalaksha ancient rift. The focal mechanism of this earthquake calculated in study (
The epicenter of the 2006 earthquake in the Gorlo Strait (fig. 2) almost coincides with the epicentre of the historic earthquake of 1912 (
The obtained depth values indicate the presence of crustal earthquakes, and in the classification of seismic events by depth refers to a small-focus ones. Most earthquakes in the White Sea are characterized by a focal depths up to 20 km. For three earthquakes, the epicenters of which are located directly in the waters of the White Sea, and six earthquakes in Karelia, the depths are over 20 km. Earthquakes with a depth of more than 20 km were also recorded in the Arkhangelsk region in 2013.
In the western part of the White Sea region (Fig.
The results obtained in this article deepen our knowledge about the development of modern seismicity in the White Sea region. The use of a single speed model, a unified methodological approach and all currently available source data and bulletins of Russian and foreign seismic stations made it possible to determine earthquake parameters with the highest confidence.
The results presented in this article confirm the presence of seismicity (generally of low magnitude with ML<2.0) in the areas adjacent to the White Sea. This fact should be taken into account when carrying out the seismic monitoring of the region. The resulting updated catalog consist in essential part of the work carried out to clarify the current seismicity of the entire North of the Eastern European platform and should be included in a single seismic catalog of Eastern European platform, combining earthquakes both in historical and instrumental periods.
The research was supported by the grant RFBR «Modern seismicity of the White Sea region» (№ 18-35-00021).